The goal of this study was to provide an overall profile of mental health in the Gaza Strip, through three specific objectives: to assess the extent and nature of exposure to trauma among Gazans, to identify the psychological consequences of trauma and the prevalence of stress-related psychiatric disorders, and to identify different risk factors associated with psychiatric disorders. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder was the most common diagnosis, occurring in 14.7% of refugees and 11.7% of citizens. 36.6% reported at least one type of maltreatment during their childhood, most commonly verbal abuse by parents and elder family members; 42.2% had witnessed the death of a family member, while 35.1% had witnessed violent clashes with the Israeli army.